Gottlob jaissle



March 21, 19331 G, JAISSLE 1,902,366

ESCAPEMENT AND PENDULUM MECHANISM Filed Jan. 5, 1931 m 1 f], 62fiwezzfon Goff/ob fairs e A,

Jaw 75% fffarn i Patented Mar. 21, 1933 'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEGOTTLOB JAISSLE, or ,FEUERBACH nnnn. sru rrena'r, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR 'roUHRENFABRIK J. KIENZLE, or xou o'rnu, CZECHOSLOVAKIA ESCAPE-KENT ANDPnNpuLu mncmmsm Application filed January 5, 1931, Serial No. 506,690,and in Germany January 7, 1830.

My invention relates to the construction of clocks and more especiallyto an improved escapement and pendulum mechanism for clocks in Whichextreme accuracy is desired. As a matter of fact known to practitionersin this field spring driven clocks of which the train of wheels iscooperatively connected with the pendulum through a so-called anchorescapement do not keep strictly correct time but will gain or. lose inaccordance with the varying motive power of the spring.

In order to render this lackof uniformity less noticeable it is commonpracticeto regulate clocks of this type in the makers shopby settingthose partscontrolling the work of the escapement and its reaction uponthe pendulum in such position to each other that the gain of time is tosome degree compensated bythe loss; for instancea clock thus regulatedwhich-'when its spring is fully wound up is ready to go for two fullweekswill first gain in quickly increasing and gradually decreasingmeasure until the end of the first week, will then keep correct time fora very short while,.and will finally lose in rapidly increasing measureduring the-second week. i

However this simple yet somewhat rough method of regulating clocksobviously insures by no means an absolutely correct and precise keepingof the time by the clock and the more because the clocks are usuallywound up at irregular intervals.

The principal object of this invention is to provide an improvedpendulum controlled escapement of relatively simple design for springactuated clocks which ensures a greater uniformity of their keeping time'40 work.

Other objects of this invention and advantages obtained thereby willbecome apparent hereinafter. v, v

The nature and scope'of the invention are briefly outlined in theappended claims and will be more fully understood from the followingspecification taken together with the accompanying drawing in which Fig.1 is a fragmentary side "elevationshowing the principalparts of theescape-" mentand pendulum mechanism by way of an example,

Figs. 2 and 5 are fragmentary views of the escapement and pendulummechanism from the rear side, their principal parts being shown indifferent characteristic positions,

igs. 3 and, 6 are cross sections taken along line 1-1 in Fig. 1 andshowing the escapement in two characteristic positions,

Fig. 4' is a side elevation showin in an enlarged scale the leaf springan accessorial parts interconnecting the pendulum and the escapement inaccordance with this free to swing between two studs or abutments h, b2,the latter being fixed close to the lower end of said lever, so as tocheck its swinging movements and in turn those of the anchor 'r inspecific-positions. I g

The distance of the studs h, k2 from each other is so chosen that theanchor 1' is arrested immediately after its respective pallets havebecome engaged with or disengaged from the teeth of the escape Wheel 9,i. e. after the anchor has swung ,through an angle as from its neutralposition, as indicated in Figs. 5 and 6.

In this Way the impulse giving action transferred from the escape wheelg upon the energy transmitting pallet of the anchor r and also thereaction from the locking pallet of theanchor upon the escape wheel are.both definitely limited as to their timely duration, strength and theresulting frictional resistance.

In other words those factors in the work of the escapement and itsaccessorial parts which otherwise by reason of the varying motive powerof the main'spring make, for non-uniformity in the time keeping of theclock have been cut down to a minimum with the result'that the pendulum,receiving im-, pulses of substantially equal strength will showamplitudes of uniform-extent in its swinging movements.

Another feature of this inventionwhich contributes tothe uniformity ofthe time keeping work of the clock consists in the specific design ofthe pendulumproper and its cooperative connection with the escapement:

On the oscillatory shaft 9, carrying the anchor 1" of the escapement, alever f is attached which is rigidly connected with a leafspring a,supporting the pendulum 39, through a connecting rod-e and a U-shapedclamp b, c,

the latter embracing the leaf spring a in their middle section from bothsides. h V I The pendulum supporting spring a, is held at itsupper endby a pin n extending through a slotted support m which is attached tothe side plate is of the clock. 7

The position of the slotted support m; carrying the'leaf spring a is sochosen that the axis of the oscillatory shaft 9 of the anchor 1'coincides with" the virtual bending centre around which the upper partof the leaf spring a flexes, and which is indicated in Fig.

2 and by an imaginary point g2.

Theescapement and thependulum cooperate in the following manner: I

The pendulum while moving from its zero position through the angle :0referred to a bythe upper dot and dash line and in Figs.

, above, swingsaround the upper part of the leaf spring a, the effectivelength of the pendulum being then equal to L2.

Val-hen the anchor or detent 1" reaches one of its extreme positions,referred to'above, lever f jointly/ with the connecting arm e'and theclamp o, 0 will arrest simultaneouslythe leaf spring a wnich has beenslightly twisted in' its middle section with theresult that the pendulump is now free to move on its own account, swinging through asupplementary angle g as seen'infll igi 5. g

The pendulum will swing during this second period of its movement aroundthe lower part-c2 of the leaf spring, the bending line of thelatterbeing indicated also by a dot and dash line in Fig. 4; the efiectivelength of the pendulum in this latter case equal to L.

' The difference between the two pendulum lengths L2L viz the distance,between the two virtual bending centres of the spring (112 should berather small when compared with thetotal length of the pendulum 1?. Goodresults will be'obt'ained with springs in which the distance of theupper bending centre from the lower oneis substantially equal to" metersin which equation 6 is the effective pendulum length in meters and 0cthe arc in angular measure of the swinging amplitude of the pendulum.

Various changes and modifications may suggest themselves to thoseskilled in the art of clock making as regards the design and GOQperationof escapement and pendulum mechanism having the features describedabove, andin the; shape of their component parts, without substantiallydeparting from the spirit and the leading ideas of my'invention. I Y

Whereas the inventionhas been shown and described with reference to arecoil escapement of the so-called anchor type, widely usedie. g. inclocks made in the Black Mountains of southern Germanyother types ofescapements such asdead-beatand non-recoiltypes lncluding Grahamescapements may be used to'equal advantage. Escapement and pendulummechanisms of the type described withreference to coil springactuatedclocks may be used without changing the design and modeofvcooperation of their component parts also for weight actuated clocks.WhatIcla'imisz f 1. A mechanism of the class described comprising astationarily mounted escape wheel, a pendulum, a leaf spring ofrelatives pendulum is suspended, an anchor cooperating withthe ly shortlength by which the escape wheel and being pivotally mounted so as toswing around a fixed axis, means for limiting the'swinging movements ofthe anchor to predetermined amplitudes, a support from whichthe ndulumspring is suspended, a clamp of relatively short length attachedto themiddle section of said spring, energy transmitting means rigidlyinterconnecting the. swinging anchor and, the said clamp, causing thelatter to perform swing ing movements" of limited amplitudescorresponding to those of the anchor, the total so. chosen that thespring will be periodically slightly twisted by. said. clamp and saiden-' ergy transmitting means respectively around two virtual bendingcentres, one of which being above and the other below theclamp, theupper bending centre substantially coinciding with the axisaroundwhichthe anchor and the, said energy transmitting means swing. V v 2. Amechanism of the class described and having thefeatures outlined inclaim 1, in

which the said energy transmitting means comprise a lever, adj ustablymounted ,on the axis vof the anchor, a connecting rodhoriz-ontally'extending from said lever and a U-shaped member rigidly interconnectingsaid rod and clamp. I I

In testimony'whereof' I have: signed my name to this specification.

GOTTLOB J AISSLE.v

length of the spring'and of its clamp being no a

